Muffler.



E. D. SIZER.

MUFFLER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 24, 1910.

Patented May 3, 1910.

2 sums-sum 1.

Fig. 5.

E. D. SIZER.

MUFFLER.

APPLICATION FILED .TAN.Z4, 1910.

WIIIIIIII/IIW WWW Patented May 3, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD D. SIZEBQDF SIZERVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

MUFFLER.

Tocllwhom it'may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD '1). Sizes, a citizen of the United States,residing at Sizerville, in the county of Cameron and State of*lennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Muf-.flers, of which the follow'ing is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements *in muiflers and although itsvarious forms are "readily applicable to any devices in which soundsilencers 'or mufliers are desirable, it is more especially designed foruse in connection with-internal combustion and steam engines.

Among the objections well known to exist in the mufilers now in use, isthe tendency to create a back pressure by retarding the free exit-of*the products of combustion from the engine exhaust and consequentlydecreasing the efficiency of the engine at the expense of decreasing thenoise of operation of the same. Adevice is now constructed upon anentirely new principle which while acting as -a completes'ilencerreduces the back pressure upon the motor to a minimum. The prin- 'ciplerelied upon is the path-of travel given to the exhaust fluid-and thisassumes what may be termed a compound helix or coil; in

throughout the length of-the muflier.

other words, if a wire helical spring was -wound about a cylinder ofuniform diameter, the wire composing the spring would assume "from oneend to the other a line which would represent the general course re- 5quired'to be traveled by the exhaust fluid in passing through my device.The revision also is made of an opening of uni orm size at the axis oftubular coils, which make up the mufiler body proper, and which opening-=allows tree entrance to the interior of the; coil at all points of theaxis thereof andi The device disclosed is also exceedinglyi simple andis easy and cheap to 'manufac-i tu reyand -as this eculiar form afi'ordsa perfeet operation w en constructed of a comparatively small size andfurther being of; extremely light weight, its value and applicability:to aeroplane work will be evident.

My device is also built up of semi-circular sections so that the entirelength of the muf- I dler'may'ibe regulated as desired for theparticular-use to which it is to be employed.

With these general objects in View and :others :that will appear as thenature of the invention is better understood, my invention Specificationof Letters intent. Application Hilefllanuary 24,:1910. :Serial m.539.737.

Batented May 3, 1919.

consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of partsas will be hereinafter fully described, illustrated in'the accompanyingdrawings and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings forming -a part of this application like designatingiiiumerals represent similar parts throughout the several views and inwhich:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional "view of the device showing thehalf coils :in position, Fig. 2 is an inside view of the outlet end'orcap, F i '3 is an exteriorelevation of the inlet-end othe-muffler, 4shows two sheet metal sections assembled, Fig. 5 is two .views of a castmetal section, Fig. 6 shows two cast metal sections assembled, 7 shows amodified form of joining two cast metal sections together, 'Fig. 8 is aplan .view of the assembled sections, and, Fig.9 shows a modified formof arranging the sections within the casing.

:Referring more specifically to the drawwhich at one end is providedwith a cap closure 11 having a central screw-threaded perforation 12 forthe reception of 'thetexternally screw-threaded end '13 of the enineexhaust pipe, said closure having a angeflet slipping over and screwthreaded to the end of the casing 10. Acon'ical nozzle 15 is provided atthe opposite or outlet end of the casing, 'the same having a flange 16,corresponding to the flange let-oi the closure cap '11, and which fits'over and is screwthreaded to the end of said casing. This outlet nozzle15 is provided at its larger and inner end with an annular innershoulder 17, designed for a purpose hereinaifitcr fully set forth, whileat its outer end the same is screw-threaded as at 18, to accommodate alead-oil pipe.

Accommodated within the cylindrical casing 10 is a continuous hollowcoil, pretera'bly formed of metal, and closely fitting the same for itsentire length. The outer periphery of this coil for its entire lengthcontacts the inner periphery 'of the casing, while the end convolutionsof the 43011 are seated respectively upon 111820105111 3 cap 11 vand theshoulders 17 of the nozzle 15..

'The essential elements of -my invention are 'the peculiar constructionof this poll and the improved advantages and fHIIGCIODS lG- I and engagethe outside surface of the end-- rived thereby. Although this isso, theformation of a single section 40 of the coil which is herein representedas forming but a half of a sin 1e convolution of the coil, is of theessentia essence of the invention.

A single section is shown in' Fig. 5 and as there shown is constructedof cast iron or metal of an appreciable thickness. The formation is whatmight be termed tubular and bent in the form of a semi-circle as shownat theleft of the view, while at thev inner edge or smaller diameter ofthe circle the same is slitted circumferentially, one edge 19 beingcontracted and extending partly over although in regular spaced relationfrom the opposite edge 20 thereof.

Such a construction produces a form that in cross-section from thecenter to the circumference would roughly represent a figure 6, it beingnoted that one end of each coil is given a torsional sidewise impulsesubstantially equal in distance to one-half of the diameter of the coilinterior and permanently retaining such position, enables the section toassume a portion ofthe composite .coil body. As constructed of castmetal, the

sections are assembled together with abutting edges as shown'in Fig.6,.and are provided with projecting lugs 21, upon one end onlyof eachsection, and which lugs fit over portion of the contiguous section. Inviewing Fig. 5, it will be noted that one section is shown and two viewsthereof, while Fig.

6 shows two sections properly assembled edge is designated 24. The useof both of' said joints will rovide an assembla e of sections that willinsure a perfectly uniform bore or. open passage-way 25 through theentire composite coil and from one end to the other of the muffler.

In Fig. 4 the sections are formed of sheet metal, preferably sheetsteel, and being of unappreciable thickness, the contiguous ends I ofthe sections when assembled, are made to telescope one with the other,by crowdin the ends of the one within the contiguous en of the other, aswill be evident from said view, and to provide such outer and innerlapping each section is slightly greater than a true semi-circle, beingprovided at each end with a lapping portion. In this construction eachlapping portion is provided with one or more perforations 26 forreceiving the rivets 27 to hold the sections properly assembledtogether. In both Figs. 4 .and 6 a complete convolution of the compositecoil structure is shown and in each the respective superposed or outerend which is disengaged is represented by the letter X, while in each ofsaid views the corresponding underend of the other-section or in otherwords, the free and disengaged end of the other section, which isfarther away from the point of vision, is noted by the letter Y.

From this it will be seen that the contiguous and contracted edge 19 ofthe assembled sections 'forms a spiral ed e extending substantially fromend to en of the casing 10 and forming a central, continuous,unobstructed bore or passage-way therethrough of a diameter slightlyless than the-inner diameter of the inlet exhaust pipe 13, as best shownin Fig. 1. Outside thereof, the adjacent edges 20 also form a continuousspiral edge from one end to the other of the casing and between saidedges 19 and 20 is provided the spiral slot 28. a It will be evidentthat any products of combustion received through the pipe 13 andentering the coil spaces 25 will receive a helical impulse and willcontinue in the spiral path until they are finally exhausted through thenozzle 15. The provision also of the bore 19 is of less diameter thanthe inlet 13 whilethe bore 20 is greater than the same, the exhaustfluid will be free to enter the spiral passage 25 by passing under thespiral edge 19 at any point thereof. A portion of the fluid, all ofwhich enters in pulsations, will be caught under the edge 19,, almostimmediately at its entrance within the casing, while other portions ofsuch fluid may pass farther through or nearly completely through thesamebefore they are received under the edge 19 and within the passage 25.The fluid turns into the passage 25 by the edge 19 as shown by thearrows in Fig. 1, is given a rotary motion therein as also shown by saidarrows, while the forward pressure of the repeated,impulses, insures acontinual spiral forward motion within the said passage, both motionsbeing represented by the arrows in Fig. 4.

The end convolutions 29 and 30 are cutaway as shown in Fig. 1 to allowthe section 29 to seat itself upon'the end plate 1 1 and to provide asimilar seating of the coil 30 upon the annular seat 17 of the nozzle.

To secure the sections within the casing, and also to' provide for thelocking of the end members upon their screw-threads, the aperture 31 isprovided through the flange 16 and also through the flange 14 and theholdfast devices 32 are provided therethrough and fittin through thecasing and into the end convo utions 30 and 29.

6o prising a spiral casing, said casing pro- The exit nozzle 15 may beslightly modified-in form as shown in Fig. 9 as 35 and in this structureit will be noted that the .annular shoulder 17 is dispensed with whilethe end coil 30 seats itself upon the adjacent inner face of said nozzleas at 33, and the form of the remaining features may be substantiallyidentical except that said coil 30 will be suitably cut-away as at36to'facilitate the egress of the combustion fluids. In lieu of the endcap 11 a nozzle 37 Y may be employed at the inlet end of the muifler,

WhlCl'l nozzle is shown in Fig. 9 as identical in form with the outletnozzle of the device. while the end coil 29 fitting therein is brokenaway to accommodate its entrance in the nozzle and the reception of theinitial entranceof the ases therein. Said nozzle 37 is provided wlthascrew-threaded opening 39 for the "reception of the end of the saidpipe 13.

It will be noted that in the plan view of the assembled sectionsshownin' Fig. 8 that the relative arrangement 'of such sections isclearlybrought out. together with the meeting edges 38 between theadjacent sections, in this instance the sections being joinedtofither-by the form of joint shown in Fig. 7.. oreover in said view '8is more clearly brought 'outthe edges 19 and 20 shown in dotted linesand which by the assemblage of the several sections are co-extensivewith the united length of the sections, as shown in dotted lines.Moreover the spiral slot 28- claimed.

formed between said edges is also clearly seen.

Although the forms of my invention'herein shown and described arebelieved to be what are preferably embodiments thereof, it isnevertheless to be understood, that minor changes may be made in theform, size, and

arrangement and proportion of parts, which however, will not depart fromthe spirit and scope of my invention as herein specifically 'Having thusfully described my inventionand inwhat manner the sameis de- States isisignedfor use, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United 1. A device of the class described comprising a spiral casingand said casing having a spiral slot co-extensive' with the length'ofsaid casing. y

2. A device- 1of I the ciassgdescribed lcoinrisin a s ira casin aving as ira s 0t o-ext nsivd with the Iength'of casing, and said casing formedofseparable sec-' tions. 7

3. A device of the classdescribedcom vided with a spiral slotco-extensive with the length of said casing, said casing formed I Iconvolution of a coil.

a spiral slot cosextensive with the length of a said casing, saidpassage formed of separable sections, each of said sections having itsgreatest dimension semi-circular, and the cross-section of a saidsection being in the form of a figure 6, said sections provided within acylindrical casing, and a conical nozzle upon one end thereof and aclosure cap upon the other.

6. A muffler comprlsing a plurality of semi-circular sections, saidsections being tubular and adapted to form a continuous spiral passagewhen a plurality of said sections are assembled.

7. A muflier comprising a plurality of semi-circular sections, saidsections having a continuous spiral bore therethrough provided with acontinuous spiral slot entering said spiral bore and of equal lengththerewith." i

8. In combination with the exhaust pipe of an engineya 'mufiier, andmeans for imparting both spiral and rotary movement therethrough.

9. 'In a mufiier section, a substantially semi-circular unit, one sidethereof provided with a slot and extending lugs provided on oneendthereof.

10. In a mufiier, a cylindrical casing, .a

head secured to one end of said casing, a

nozzle secured to the opposite end of said casing, a plurality ofsemi-circular sections provided within said casing and furnishing a.continuous spiral passage thereth'rough, said sections rovided with acontinuous spiral slot, "an hold-fast means for securmg the head andnozzle upon said cylinde and the sections therewithin.

11. In. a separable section for a mufller, a metallic member ofsubstantially semi-circular dimensions and adapted to telescope :withasimilar section to form one complete.

In testimon whereof I afiixmy n presence 0 two witnesses.

- Witnessesr g HAROLD M. 'WAnnmeioN, R ms PB W- signature -.EDWARD D.sIZER.

